Voltage drop vs current-carrying capacity

How to keep voltage-drop checks and current-carrying capacity checks separate when reviewing Australian cable candidates.

Two different checks

Voltage drop and current-carrying capacity answer different questions. Voltage drop asks how much voltage is lost along the run. Current-carrying capacity asks whether the candidate can carry the load current under the reviewed installation conditions.

Both checks can use the same project current and cable label, but they are not the same decision.

Comparison workflow

  1. Calculate or confirm the load current.
  2. Record the cable candidate and route length.
  3. Run the voltage-drop calculator using the correct voltage basis and conductor data.
  4. Run the cable-size candidate comparison using the entered current-carrying capacity source.
  5. Review the limiting check before carrying the candidate forward.

Difference table

Voltage drop and current-carrying capacity
CheckMain inputsOutputCommon limiting condition
Voltage dropCurrent, length, voltage, phase and conductor dataDrop in V and percentLong route or high impedance
Current-carrying capacityLoad current and reviewed capacity valueMargin between load and capacityInstallation method, grouping or ambient conditions
Candidate reviewBoth sets of valuesCarry-forward or review stateEither check can control

Reading combined results

If only voltage drop needs review, look first at route length, voltage basis, conductor data and target. If only current-carrying capacity needs review, look first at the source value, derating assumptions and cable candidate.

If both checks need review, avoid patching only the easier number. The candidate may need a different size, material, route, installation basis or project assumption.

Boundaries

  • Do not use voltage drop as a substitute for current-carrying capacity.
  • Do not use current-carrying capacity as a substitute for voltage-drop review.
  • Do not hide the source of either value.
  • Do not treat a dual-margin result as full installation approval.

Questions

Can a cable pass current-carrying capacity and fail voltage drop?

Yes. Long route length or conductor data can make voltage drop the limiting check even when current-carrying capacity has margin.

Can a cable pass voltage drop and fail current-carrying capacity?

Yes. A short run can have acceptable voltage drop while the entered current-carrying capacity is still too low for the load.